Nintendo Pioneers in the Video Game Market - 983 Words

Nintendo started as a small Japanese business by Fusajiro Yamauchi near the end of 1889 as Nintendo Koppai. Based in Kyoto, Japan, the business produced and marketed a playing card game called Hanafuda. In 1956, Nintendo’s president Hiroshi Yamauchi began to realize the limitation of playing cards business because it was viewed as a mere tool of gambling. In order to overcome the limitation, Nintendo struck a deal with Disney in 1959 which allowed them to put Disney characters on their playing cards. This opens up new markets where both children and homemakers started purchasing playing cards.5 Due to this success; Nintendo went public in 1962 and became a listed company in Osaka Stock Exchange. Soon after, Nintendo started to venture in†¦show more content†¦Nintendo eschewed this philosophy most dramatically with the Wii, catering directly and unabashedly to the casual subset of gamers. As only one example, complex gamepads with a dozen buttons and knobs were replace d with a controller more akin to a remote control, a device with which any American would be familiar. However, the extent to which the hardcore gaming demographic dictates the structural aspects of the gaming industry as a whole is remarkable. Companies are still willing to cater to this audience because it is a profitable enterprise, as it is only the most devoted of fans who will line up days before a system release while generating free publicity on the internet and through word of mouth in the months prior. Thus, and perhaps unexpectedly, an important factor in the Wiis meteoric rise was Nintendos ability, through the strength of its brand and residual nostalgia effects, to co-opt this hardcore gaming culture with a console that at best, only occasionally acceded to its wishes, while at worst, marginalized them completely. What Nintendo realized, and ultimately capitalized on, was that the hegemonic structure influencing the industry was inherently weak, in that it was essentia lly a small minority overwhelming the relatively silent masses. Although there are doubts to the sustainability of such an endeavor, the signs are present that the Wii has already altered the video gameShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Video Games On Pop Culture1116 Words   |  5 Pagesin today’s society. This example is, indeed, video games. When video games were first being introduced to the general public they weren’t all that exciting. Most gaming took place in arcades and most arcades didn’t have many game cabinets. However, all of this changed when the Atari 2600 was released. At the time, Atari was known for their home computers and their hit arcade game â€Å"Pong†. 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Higinbotham, an engineer working for the United States government, came upRead MorePlaystation Product Life Cycle1249 Words   |  5 Pagesinnovative and best selling products in the electronics market. For this case study, the main focus will be on one of Sony ´s most successful brand, the Playstation, and how the company have manage the product life cycle of its Playstation products, putting an emphasis on the PLC of its first product, the Playstation 1. The case study will also evaluate the effectiveness of the strategies used to mantain the Playstation brand among the leaders of the market share by effectively managing their PLCs. TheRead MoreInnovation Organization Nintendo2471 Words   |  10 PagesNintendo – Innovation Organization Role RD Quoting from the Nintendo Annual Report 2012, the company strategy is the expansion of the gaming population, which is to encourage as many people in the world as possible, regardless of age, gender or gaming experience, to embrace and enjoy playing video games. Nintendo aims to expand their digital business by offering downloadable, paid add-on content, digitally distributing packaged software and so forth to adapt in environment changes surroundingRead MoreCompany s History : Nintendo2306 Words   |  10 PagesCompany’s History: Nintendo first started in 1889 under the leadership of Fusajiro Yamauchi, who named the company at first â€Å"Nintendo Koppai† (Jones, 2013). He started his company by selling Hanafuda Cards; these are simple cards that are used to play multiple games – much like the more common standardized 52 playing card sets (Jones, 2013). The name Nintendo originally is a Japanese metaphor and basically means â€Å"leave luck to heaven† (How Nintendo, Lego, Adidas and 17 other Major Companies GotRead MoreThe Video Game Industry Essay1651 Words   |  7 PagesThe Video Game Industry The video gaming industry has come a long way from the first home based gaming system since the Magnavox Odyssey. Through the decades, the video game industry has rapidly improved the technology to home gaming, and made arcades nonexistence. The major video gaming titans of today are Nintendo, Microsoft Xbox, and Sony Playstation. These three have been in war with each other the past ten years, and neither show signs of defeat. However the two leading competitors of highRead MoreThe History Of Video Games1797 Words   |  8 PagesHistory of video games. Have you ever played a video game and wonder? How does this thing work? Who invented it? Well you in luck because I have all the information that you need to tell you about the history of video games. How video games have advance right along with technology that we use in everyday life. If you ask people. When video games did first came out? Most people would say in the 1970 s and they would be wrong. In 1958, William A. Higinbotham, an engineer working for the United StatesRead MoreVideo Games And The Video Game1794 Words   |  8 PagesHave you ever played a video game and wonder? How does this thing work? Who invented it? Well you’re in luck because I have all the information that you’ll need to know all about the history of video games. How video games have advanced right along with technology that we use in everyday life. If you ask people. When video games did first came out? Most people would say in the 1970 s and they would be wrong. In 1958, William A. Higginbotham, an engineer working for the United States government

The Relevant Range Of Operations And The Sphere Of...

TOPIC 1 - CLARIFY THE SCOPE OF OPERATIONS IDENTIFY AND REVIEW THE RELEVANT RANGE OF OPERATIONS AND THE SPHERE OF BUSINESS ARRANGEMENTS OF THE ORGANISATION CONDUCT AN ANALYSIS OF THE OPERATIONS AND BUSINESS ARRANGEMENTS OF THE ORGANISATION AND IDENTIFY THE FUNCTIONS, PRODUCTS AND SERVICES THAT MAY BE SUBJECT TO COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS After joining an organisation, it can often be challenging to learn everything you need to know to be successful. Business and industry knowledge can grow over time, but there is often basic knowledge to be successful in a project. Here are some basic questions to ask and answer in order to get basic understanding of how a business works: †¢ Who is the customer? †¢ What is the product? †¢ What is the sales†¦show more content†¦Another useful method to put everything in context is to develop a narrative or visual model identifying the customers, products, and supporting processes. Learning is a never-ending process, be it learning new skills or learning more about a new business domain. Gradually, you will gain more knowledge about the business and as and when you are assigned to projects, you can always get more details and discover the specific business needs driving the initiative and key objectives to be delivered by the project. BUSINESS FUNCTIONS The functions of business are mainly categorised into three groups: †¢ Internal functions of business, which is the foundation of the business †¢ External functions of business, facilitates promoting products †¢ Support functions of business, continuously help internal and external functions These three function groups are categorised based on their fundamental and immediate functions required to carry on the primary and ancillary (supportive) business processes. 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Analyse the concepts of social inclusion and exclusion Free Essays

string(67) " as a result of the difficult circumstances experienced in the UK\." Introduction The aim of this assignment is to critically analyse the concepts of social inclusion and exclusion and discuss how social exclusion has occurred in the chosen scenario of Feodor. Feodor’s needs will be identified in the care plan (refer to the appendix 1) and one need will be chosen and interventions to address or meet that need will be critically analysed. This assignment will critically analyse how mental health service could be improved with reference to Anti-discriminatory and anti-oppressive perspectives in Feodor’s scenario. We will write a custom essay sample on Analyse the concepts of social inclusion and exclusion or any similar topic only for you Order Now Feodor is a 31 year old man who was born in the Russian Federation. He served as a Russian soldier and saw active duty, in the 1994-6 Chechen war, during which time there was discrimination bombing and shelling of Chechen towns and villages. Feodor has stated that over 250, 000 people of the Russian federation were killed in Chechnya during the collapse of the Soviet Union ‘that was genocide’. He has referred to hostage situations in both Budennovsk and Beslan when hundred died. He has quoted the Russian Premier Putin as stating ‘that the war was over 3 years ago’, Feodor contends that the brutal conflict goes on unabated. As a soldier he say it is no surprise that they (The Russian Army) did what they did, the Chechens gave them no choice. So he has come to the UK seeking asylum, work, a better life, a chance to start again, to escape from the nightmares fear. He is now opposed to the conflict in Chechnya and has expressed his opposition to many people, som e of them with power and some from the army in senior positions in the Russian Federation; he believes that he may be at risk of retribution from the Russians and the Chechens. The Social exclusion unit (SEU 2004) defines social exclusion as shorthand for what can happen when people or areas suffer from a combination of linked problems such as disabilities, unemployment, poor skills, low incomes, poor housing, high crime environment, bad health and family breakdown. Sayce (2000) described it as the interlocking and mutually compounding problems of impairment, discrimination, diminishing social role, lack of economic and social participation and disability. Also Jermyn (2001) state social exclusion is complex multi-dimensional in the nature and can occur when various linked problems are experienced in combination. Among the factors at play are social status, jobless, lack of opportunities to establish a family, small or non-existent social network, compounding race and other discrimination, repeated rejection and consequent restriction of hope and expectations. Pierson (2002) suggested that social exclusion is a process that deprives individuals and families, groups and neighbourhoods of the resources required for participation in the social, economic and political activity of society as whole. This process is primarily a consequence of poverty and low income, but other factors such as discrimination, low educational attainment and depleted living environment also underpin it. Through this process people are cut off for a significant period in their lives from institutions and services, social networks and developmental opportunities that the great majority of a society enjoys. Dunn (1999) mentions that the largest UK inquiry into the social exclusion and mental health service users appears to take ‘social model of disability’ perspective and while it discusses social exclusion, the key problem it highlights is discrimination. It states that the inquiry panel receives strong and consistent evidence concerning the discrimination of people experiencing a direct result of their own mental health problems. The report also argues that this discrimination can occur in various areas of life. Especially within jobs and education, this makes mental health service users vulnerable to extreme exclusion from virtually every aspect of society. On the other hand, Repper and Perkins (2001) suggest that social inclusion requires equality of opportunity to access and participate in the rudimentary and fundamental functions of society, for example access to health care, employment, education good housing and ultimately recovery of status and meaning and reduced impact of disability. According to Department of Health (2009) social inclusion in mental health services is improved rights to access to the social and economic world. The new opportunities to recovery status and meaning have reduced the impact of disabilities. However (Bates, 2002) stated that everyone, including people who use mental health services, should be able to enjoy a good standard of health, develop their skills and abilities, earn a wage and live a life in the community in safety. Similarly, the National Service Framework Health Standard One (Department of Health, 1999b) demands that all people whose care is managed through the enhanced care programme approa ch should have a plan that addresses their needs for housing, education, employment and leisure. Within this framework, an inclusive mental health services will address basic standards of living issues. According to the Disability Discrimination Act (1995), and the establishment of the new Disability Rights Commission (2004). Social inclusive perspective, including within the antidiscrimination law, equality and human rights, social justices and citizenship, in addition to clinical perspective, it is from this point that pernicious nature of exclusion and the importance of social inclusion for people with mental health problems and those with intellectual disabilities can be most clearly appreciated. In this case Mental Health Professionals have a responsibility in helping people with mental health problems to make sure they become socially included and not socially excluded. In Feodor’s case mentioned earlier in the assignment that he came to UK seeking asylum, work, and better life. Refuges and asylum-seekers experience a higher incidence of mental distress than the wider population (Future Vision Coalition, 2009). The most common diagnose are trauma related psychological distress, depression and anxiety (Crowley, 2003). In which this is the case with Feodor, much of the distress experienced by him is strongly linked to the events that happened in his home town which have led to his departure. However distress occurs when you are unable to cope with pressure there is also strong evidence that Feodor’s mental distress is as a result of the difficult circumstances experienced in the UK. You read "Analyse the concepts of social inclusion and exclusion" in category "Essay examples" He was a victim of discrimination and social exclusion and this had very big impact on his mental state. Mental health policy (Department of Health, 2005) recognize s that refugees and asylum-seekers are particularly vulnerable and at risk group, however progressively more restrictive UK asylum policies have had an increasing negative impact on mental health well being (Royal College of Psychiatry, 2007). Asylum-seekers who are unable to provide accommodation for themselves in UK have been sent to different parts of the country on no choice circumstances. This process does not take into account the community support networks, family of friends. However some of these areas in which dispersed asylum-seekers are housed in many cases are deprived areas with multiple social problems and little experience of diverse communities. This has often resulted in social tension and racism towards refuges and asylum-seekers like Feodor and they are much more often victims than the perpetrators of crime (Leff, and Warner, 2006). Refuge Media Action group (2006) states that accommodation provision for asylum-seekers have improved over the last few years but there are still concerns that it can be poor quality and unstable in some areas. Poor housing, as an immediate environmental stressor, therefore, plays a central role in the psychological well-being of residents both at an individual and community level. (The Acheson Report). Asylum-seekers are prohibited from working or undertaking vocational training and currently receive at around 50% of income support, which has been cut from ?42,16 to ?35,13 a week compared to ?67,50 a week for those on employment support allowance and some are being given vouchers instead of cash (Mind, 2009). As a result many are living in poverty they are deprived of the important integration opportunities which employment can provide (Bloch, 2002). However (Leff, and Warner, 2006) suggested that the working environment offers the opportunity of making friends, gives a structure to the day, increases the person’s self-esteem, and provides an income especially for men like Feodor. Asylum-seekers do not have access to learning opportunities, learning is central to economic success and social cohesion. Feodor was disadvantaged educationally, economically and socially. One problem that will be addressed from the care plan that has great impact on Feodor’s is employment. Unemployment is both a key characteristic and a primary economic cause of exclusion and is linked with poverty, social isolation and loss of status and significantly increase disability and impedes recovery (Percy- smith 2000). It reduces opportunities for good life which lead to social exclusion as people cannot afford the basic necessities, decent food, clothing, holidays and social activities. It has been linked with increased general health and mental health problems (Repper and Perkins, 2003) which means that as long as Feodor remains unemployed he will be socially deprived. Asylum-seekers like Feodor are prohibited from working whilst waiting for a final decision on their asylum claim, but finding work is their main priority just after granted status (Bloch, 2002). For this reason the mental health services could be improving with reference to anti-oppressive and discri mination by assisting Feodor to find voluntary work as short term goal, volunteering for charities or community organisation. Voluntary work will help Feodor with the opportunity to grow in confidence, reduce his own social isolation and increase opportunities to improve language skills; it also contribute to career development and work experience (Refugee Council Online). Voluntary will also provide some evidence of motivation to prospective employers, enhancing job-readiness and prevent going rusty. It also provides opportunity for Feodor to become familiar with other local services, gain experiences of working practices in the UK hence help him to integrate in the society. Feodor does not have the right to get paid job, but voluntary work and study will help him to prepare for employment and alleviate the stress of his situation. (Sainsbury Centre, 2008). Even though this might not change his situation much since there is no income that comes under voluntary work. Paid work is th e only route for Feodor to sustained financial independence, (Askonas and Stewart, 2000) work is an important element of the human condition, it helps fulfil our aspiration-it is a key to independence, self-respect and opportunities for advancement. The other things what the mental health service need to do for Feodor is to refer him to vocational rehabilitation for vocational training. Vocational rehabilitation is a process of interventions whereby people with mental health problems or disabilities like Feodor can build up individual capacity to enable himself to the best he can be, achieving better work related outcomes (Waddell et al, 2008). Access to vocational training and education system is crucial for migrants to enable them to adapt their skills and qualifications to the labour market requirement of receiving countries. These services will offer Feodor opportunity to develop confidence, resilience and work skills. Vocational rehabilitation programmes have a greater emphasis on work skills development and on progression towards employment. Employment has been identified as a primary factor in the integration of migrants’ life Feodor into UK (Phillimore et al, 2006). Research also shows that employment is good for our physical and mental health (Waddell and Burton, 2006). Unemployment can damage our health and lead to a range of social problems such as debt and social isolation (Black, 2008). Inability to provide for yourself or to contribute to the society can have negative impact on self esteem, confidence and mental health especially for men like Feodor (Mind, 2009). Being in employment and maintaining social contacts can improve Feodor’s mental health prevent suicide and reduces his reliance on mental health services (SEU, 2004). Employment can also improve Feodor’s quality of life and well being, reduces his social exclusion and poverty (Waddell and Burton, 2006). As stated earlier by (Askonas and Stewart, 2000) that work is an important element of the human condition, it helps fulfil our aspiration-it is a key to independence, self-respect and opportunities for advancement. Employment has a central role in most people’s lives offering beyond that of income but still there are very large and growing numbers of people with mental health illness who are out of work, most of whom want to work (Bond, 2006). They cannot get a job if they have or have had a mental health problem because of the discrimination by employers. This goes on even though it is illegal under the Disability Discrimination Act. A socially inclusion approach includes recovery-oriented practice, an emphasis on social outcomes and participation, and attention to the rights of people with mental ill health, as well as to citizenship, equality and justice, and stigma and discrimination. (Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2009). Genuine social inclusion can only be achieved by valuing the contribution people can make to society. Because somebody has mental health problems does not mean that he or she can not make a contribution to the community. People need to be given information, choice and freedom and the opportunity to make decisions for themselves. Within the professional service, it is important that staff develop an awareness that different individuals have different needs, and service users should be involved in the care. The Department of Health (2000) states that patients should not be seen as mere recipient of care, but should be empowered to work in partnership with their health and social providers. In helping people to build their lives, mental health workers need to address social inclusion at both ethnos and demos (Repper and Perkins, 2003). People need to participate in and feel part of the community in which they live and more likely to be able to take part if the have a right to those things that are valued in their community such as decent housing and job. Social inclusion is not treatment or care alone, this means identifying, recovery and social inclusion as explicit goals and taking the opportunity of policy initiatives both within and outside the mental health arena to work for the reduction of discrimination against service users. The complementary concepts of inclusion and their application to mental health practice, provide a significant new basis for common between multi-disciplinary team and service users. To conclude Mental Health does not exist in isolation a good Mental Health is linked to good physical health and is fundamental to achieve improved education attainment, increased employment opportunities, reduce exclusion and criminality and social participation. REFERENCE LIST BATES, P. (2002). Working for inclusion. London, Sainsbury for mental health Publication. BLOCH, A. (2002). Refugees, opportunities and barriers in employment and training. Department for Work and Pension, Research Report 179. Leeds: Corporate Document Services. BOND, G. R. (2006). Supported Employment: evidence for an evidence-based practice. Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Journal 27, pp. 345-360. CROWLEY, P. (2003). An Exploration of Mental Health Needs of Asylum-seekers in Newcastle, The Tyne, Wear and Northumberland Asylum-seeker health group. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH (2000). The expert patient. London: The stationery office. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH (2005). Delivering race equality in mental health care: An action plan for reform inside and outside services and the Government’s response to the independent inquiry into the death of David Bennett. Department of Heath (1999) National Service Framework for Mental Health: DH Department of Health (July 2009) New Horizons: Towards a shared vision for mental health consultation: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/www.dh.gov.uk/en/consultations/liveconsultations/dh_103144 Disability Discrimination Act (1995) Meaning of â€Å"discrimination†. Accessed at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/50/section/20 Disability Rights Commission (2004) ‘The Web: Access and inclusion for disabled people’, at: http://joeclark.org/dossiers/DRC-GB.html Dunn, S. (199) Creating Accepting Communities: Report of the Mind Enquiry into Social Exclusion and Mental Health problems. Mind FUTURE VISION COALITION (2009). A future vision for mental health. London. The stationery office. LEFF, J and WARNER, R. (2006) Social Inclusion of People with Mental Illness. PERCY-SMITH, J. (2000). Policy Responses to Social Exclusion: Towards InclusionOpen University Press. Maidenhead. PIERSON, J. (2002) Tackling social exclusion. PHILLIMORE, J., ERGUN, E., GOODSON, L. and HENNESSY, D. (2006). Employability initiatives for refugees in Europe: Looking at, and learning from, good practice. Report for Equal and the Home Office. Birmingham: Centre for Urban and Regional studies, University of Birmingham. REFUGEE COUNCIL ONLINE: Volunteering in Leeds. REFUGEE MEDIA ACTION (2006). Seeking asylum: a report on the living conditions of asylum-seekers in London, Migrants Resource Centre. REPPER, J. and PERKINS, R. (2001). Voting as a means social inclusion for people with mental illness. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 9, pp. 697-703. REPPER, J. and PERKINS, R. (2003) Social Inclusion and Recovery: A Model for Mental Health Practice. Bailliere Tindall Elsevier Science Limited. ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRY, (2007). Improving the lives of people affected by mental illness. ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS, (April 2009). Approved by the Central Policy Coordination Committee of the Royal College of Psychiatrists at: http://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/pdf/social%20inclusion%20position%20statement09.pdf SAYCE, L. (2000). Psychiatric patient to citizen. Overcoming Discrimination and social exclusion. London Macmillan. SAINSBURY CENTRE (2008). Briefing 35: Employment support, mental health and black and minority ethnic communities. London: Sainsbury centre for mental health. SOCIAL EXCLUSION UNIT (2004). Mental Health and Social Exclusion. London: Office of the Deputy Prime Minister. SOCIAL INCLUSION Possibilities and Tensions, (2000). Edited by: PETER, ASKONAS and ANGUS, STEWART. The Acheson Report. (November 1998) Independent Inquiry into Inequalities in Health. WADDELL, G., BURTON, K. and KENDALL, N. (2008). Vocational Rehabilitation- what works, for whom and whenLondon: TSO. How to cite Analyse the concepts of social inclusion and exclusion, Essay examples

English Romanticism free essay sample

And human nature seeming born again! Bliss was it in that dawn to be alive, But to be young was very heaven. The poet as a bard or prophet Poetic spontaneity and freedom Poetry subjective; it expresses the poets own feelings (lyric poetry) Rebellion against the Neo-classical rules Keats: if poetry comes not as naturally as the leaves to a tree it had not come at all The importance of the heart instinct, intuition, INDIVIDUALISM, NONCONFORMITY The human mind IMAGINATION Turning to NATURE THE INTEREST IN THE SUPERNATURAL, and DREAMS 1798 Wordsworth Coleridge LYRICAL BALLADS 770 born at Cockermouth, The Lake District Educated at Cambridge 1791-2 France Annette Vallon 1795, reunited with his sister Dorothy meets S. T. Coleridge 1797 moves with his sister Dorothy to Alfoxden to be close to Coleridge, who lives at Nether Stowey (Somerset) The role of friendship with Coleridge 1798/1799 Goslar, Germany 1799 settles with Dorothy in the Lake District, first at Grasmere 1802 marries Mary Hutchinson 1813 appointed stamp distributor for Westmoreland becomes patriotic, conservative public man, abandoning radical politics and idealism 1843 Poet Laureate Lyrical Ballads 1798 Coleridge on composition of Lyrical Ballads in Ch. XIV of Biographia Literaria During the first year that Mr. Wordsworth and I were neighbours, our conversations turned frequently on the two cardinal points of poetry, the power of exciting the sympathy of the reader by a faithful adherence to the truth of nature, and the power of giving the interest of novelty by the modifying colours of imagination. The sudden charm, which accidents of light and shade, which moon-light or sun-set diffused over a known and familiar landscape, appeared to represent the practicability of combining both. These are the poetry of nature. The thought suggested itself (to which of us I do not recollect) that a series of poems might be composed of two sorts. In the one, the incidents and agents were to be, in part at least, supernatural; and the excellence aimed at was to consist in the interesting of the affections by the dramatic truth of such emotions as would naturally accompany such situations, supposing them real. And real in this sense they have been to every human being who, from whatever source of delusion, has at any time believed himself under supernatural agency. For the second class, subjects were to be chosen from ordinary life; the characters and incidents were to be such, as will be found in every village and its vicinity, where there is a meditative and feeling mind to seek after them, or to notice them, when they present themselves. In this idea originated the plan of the Lyrical Ballads; in which it was agreed, that my endeavours should be directed to persons and charac ters supernatural, or at least romantic, yet so as to transfer from our inward nature a human interest and a semblance of truth sufficient to procure for hese shadows of imagination that willing suspension of disbelief for the moment, which constitutes poetic faith. Mr. Wordsworth on the other hand was to propose to himself as his object, to give the charm of novelty to things of every day, and to excite a feeling analogous to the supernatural, by awakening the minds attention from the lethargy of custom, and directing it to the loveliness and the wonders of the world before us; an inexhaustible treasure, but for which in consequence of the film of familiarity and selfish solicitude we have eyes, yet see not, ears that hear not, and hearts that neither feel nor understand. Wordsworths Advertisment to Lyrical Ballads 1798 The majority of the following poems are to be considered as experiments. They were written chiefly with a view to ascertain how far the language of conversation in the middle and lower classes of society is adapted to the purposes of poetic pleasure. Wordsworth, Preface to Lyrical Ballads 1800, 1802 The principal object, then, proposed in these Poems was to choose incidents and situations from common life, and to relate or describe them, throughout, as far as was possible in a selection of language really used by men, and, at the same time, to throw over them a certain colouring of imagination, whereby ordinary things should be presented to the mind in an unusual aspect; and, further, and above all, to make these incidents and situations interesting by tracing in them, truly though not ostentatiously, the primary laws of our nature: chiefly, as far as regards the manner in which we associate ideas in a state of excitement. Humble and rustic life was generally chosen, because, in that condition, the essential passions of the heart find a better soil in which they can attain their maturity, are less under restraint, and speak a plainer and more emphatic language;[. ] and, lastly, because in that condition the passions of men are incorporated with the beautiful and permanent forms of nature. The language, too, of these men has been adopted (purified indeed from what appear to be its real defects, from all lasting and rational causes of dislike or disgust) because such men hourly communicate with the best objects from which the best part of language is originally derived; and because, from their rank in society and the sameness and narrow circle of their intercourse, being less under the influence of social vanity, they convey their feelings and notions in simple and unelaborated expressions. For all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: and though this be true, Poems to which any value can be attached were never produced on any variety of subjects but by a man who, being possessed of more than usual organic sensibility, had also thought long and deeply. I have said that Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquillity: the emotion is contemplated till by a species of reaction the tranquillity gradually disappears, and an emotion, kindred to that which was before the subject of contemplation, is gradually produced, and does itself actually exist in the mind. In this mood successful composition generally begins, and in a mood similar to this it is carried on; but the emotion, of whatever kind and in whatever degree, from various causes is qualified by various pleasures, so that in describing any passions whatsoever, which are voluntarily described, the mind will upon the whole be in a state of enjoyment. What is a Poet? To whom does he address himself? And what language is to be expected from him? He is a man speaking to men: a man, it is true, endued with more lively sensibility, more enthusiasm and tenderness, who has a greater knowledge of human nature, and a more comprehensive soul, than are supposed to be common among mankind; a man pleased with his own passions and volitions, and who rejoices more than other men in the spirit of life that is in him; delighting to contemplate similar volitions and passions as manifested in the goings-on of the Universe, and habitually impelled to create them where he does not find them. The Man of science seeks truth as a remote and unknown benefactor; he cherishes and loves it in his solitude: the Poet, singing a song in which all human beings join with him, rejoices in the presence of truth as our visible friend and hourly companion. Poetry is the breath and finer spirit of all knowledge; it is the impassioned expression which is in the countenance of all Science. Emphatically may it be said of the Poet, as Shakespeare hath said of man, that he looks before and after. He is the rock of defence for human nature; an upholder and preserver, carrying everywhere with him relationship and love. In spite of difference of soil and climate, of language and manners, of laws and customs: in spite of things silently gone out of mind, and things violently destroyed; the Poet binds together by passion and knowledge the vast empire of human society, as it is spread over the whole earth, and over all time. . I should mention one other circumstance which distinguishes these Poems from the popular Poetry of the day; it is this, that the feeling therein developed gives importance to the action and situation, and not the action and situation to the feeling. WE ARE SEVEN A SIMPLE Child, That lightly draws its breath, And feels its life in every limb, What should it know of death? I met a little cottage Girl: She was eight years old, she said; Her hair was thick with many a curl That clustered round her head. She had a rustic, woodland air, And she was wildly clad: Her eyes were fair, and very fair; Her beauty made me glad. Sisters and brothers, little Maid, How many may you be? How many? Seven in all, she said And wondering looked at me. And where are they? I pray you tell. She answered, Seven are we; And two of us at Conway dwell, And two are gone to sea. Two of us in the church-yard lie, My sister and my brother; And, in the church-yard cottage, I Dwell near them with my mother. You say that two at Conway dwell, And two are gone to sea, Yet ye are seven! I pray you tell, Sweet Maid, how this may be. Then did the little Maid reply, Seven boys and girls are we; Two of us in the church-yard lie, Beneath the church-yard tree. You run about, my little Maid, Your limbs they are alive; If two are in the church-yard laid, Then ye are only five. Their graves are green, they may be seen, The little Maid replied, Twelve steps or more from my mothers door, And they are side by side. My stockings there I often knit, My kerchief there I hem; And there upon the ground I sit, And sing a song to them. And often after sunset, Sir, When it is light and fair, I take my little porringer, And eat my supper there. The first that died was sister Jane; In bed she moaning lay, Till God released her of her pain; And then she went away. So in the church-yard she was laid; And, when the grass was dry, Together round her grave we played, My brother John and I. And when the ground was white with snow, And I could run and slide, My brother John was forced to go, And he lies by her side. How many are you, then, said I, If they two are in heaven? „ Quick was the little Maids reply, O Master! we are seven. But they are dead; those two are dead! Their spirits are in heaven! „ Tw as throwing words away; for still The little Maid would have her will, And said, Nay, we are seven! The Prelude 1799, 1805, 1850 Plan to write a greate philosophical poem The Recluse or views of Nature, Man, and Society, encouraged by S. T. C. a poem to Coleridge a poem on the growth of [the poets] mind The main hero THE IMAGINATION Not Chaos, not The Darkest pit of lowest Erebus, Not aught of blinder vacancy, scooped out By help of dreams can breed such fear and awe As fall upon us often when we look Into our Minds, into the Mind of Man My haunt, and the main region of my song Prospectus to The Recluse ll. 35-4

Public Policy Tools and Practices

Definition and Examples of Multiple Exclamation Marks

Definition and Examples of Multiple Exclamation Marks An  exclamation point  (!)  is a mark of  punctuation  used after a word, phrase, or sentence that expresses a strong emotion. It ends emphatic statements, says English Grammar Punctuation, a reference guide. William Strunk Jr. and E.B. White, in their famous Elements of Style,  say that: The exclamation mark is to be reserved for after true exclamations and commands. And Merriam-Websters Guide to Punctuation and Style  notes that the exclamation point is used to mark a forceful comment or exclamation. It is also called an  exclamation mark  or tellingly, in newspaper jargon, a  shriek. These sources and others may define it with different vocabulary, but they all agree on one thing: The exclamation point is possibly the most overused punctuation mark in the English language.  Multiple exclamation points  (or marks)- two or, often, three exclamation marks  (!!!) following a word or sentence- should be even rarer still in good writing. History The exclamation point was first used by printers at the end of the 15th century, according to  Thomas MacKellar, in his 1885 book, The American Printer: A Manual of Typography. MacKellar also noted that the punctuation meant admiration or exclamation as well as surprise, astonishment, rapture, and the like sudden emotions of the mind. The mark, itself, comes from Latin, says  Smithsonian.com: In Latin, the exclamation of joy was  io,  where the i was written above the o. And, since all their letters were written as capitals, an I with an O below it looks a lot like an exclamation point. It wasn’t until 1970 that the exclamation point had its own key on the keyboard, the Smithsonian notes, adding that before that you had to type a period, and then use the backspace to go back and stick an apostrophe above it. When executives dictated to secretaries, they would say bang to indicate the exclamation point, leading to the term  interbang,  a  nonstandard punctuation  mark in the form of a question mark superimposed on an exclamation point (sometimes appearing as ?!).  It is used to end a rhetorical question or a simultaneous question and exclamation. Some writers, then, began using  multiple exclamation points  as a logical outgrowth of the interbang and single exclamation mark to add even more emphasis to words, phrases, and sentences. Purpose The use of the exclamation point- and, even more so, multiple exclamation points- has been met with plenty of controversy and criticism. Smithsonian notes this less-than-pleased response  by F. Scott Fitzgerald to the use of multiple exclamation points: â€Å"Cut out all those exclamation marks. An exclamation mark is like laughing at your own jokes.† Author Elmore Leonard was even more incensed by their use: â€Å"You are allowed no more than two or three per 100,000 words of prose.† Leonard also said that use of  multiple exclamation points  is the sign of a diseased mind. Still, exclamation points do have a purpose in the English language, according to the late  Rene Jack Cappon, a longtime editor at the Associated Press and author of  The Associated Press Guide to Punctuation. Cappon said that exclamation points are certainly not subtle; instead, they act like a kettle drum, noisily calling readers attention to a given word, phrase, or sentence. Echoing the very earliest use of this punctuation mark, Cappon says you should use exclamation points to convey pain, fear, astonishment, anger, and disgust, as in: â€Å" Ouch! My toes! cries one, a bowling ball dropped on his foot. Somebody  help  me! screams a damsel in distress. Look, a real unicorn! Astonishment. Get thee behind me, Satan! Rage and disgust. Cappon notes that you rarely run into emotional outbursts like these, so you should use single or multiple exclamation points sparingly. He and other grammar and punctuation experts point out that you should generally let the words speak for themselves, set off by a simple  period,  comma, or  semicolon. Otherwise, you risk damaging your credibility by constantly yelling at your readers, similar to someone screaming fire in a crowded theater, even when there is not a hint of smoke. Rules for Using Exclamation Marks Richard Bullock, Michal Brody, and Francine Weinberg note in the The Little Seagull Handbook, a grammar, punctuation, and style guide used on many college campuses, that you should use exclamation points to express strong emotion or add emphasis to a statement or command. They give this example of when to use an exclamation point, from Susan Jane Gilmans Hypocrite in a Pouffy White Dress: Tales of Growing Up Groovy and Clueless, who described seeing The Rolling Stones band member Keith Richards: Keith, we shrieked as the car drove away. Keith, we love you! Encountering a member of the iconic rock band- and the shrieking that accompanied the sighting- would, indeed, call for at least one exclamation point- and perhaps more!!!- to emphasize the excitement of the moment. Another example of when to use exclamation points is illustrated in this pithy quote from Tennessee Williams in Camino Real. Make voyages! Attempt them! Theres nothing else. You can also use multiple exclamation points in  informal  or comic writing, or to express  sarcasm, as in:   I loved your last email! OMG did I LOVE it!!! The point is that the writer of the above sentences didnt really love the email. She was being  ironic, which the multiple exclamation points help to show. Additionally, David Crystal, in Making a Point: The Persnickety Story of English Punctuation, gives these examples where the  contexts  dictate when exclamation marks would be acceptable, even expected: Interjections -  Oh!Expletives -  Damn!Greetings -  Happy Xmas!!!Calls -  Johnny!Commands -  Stop!Expressions of surprise -  What a mess!!!Emphatic statements -  I want to see you now!Attention-getters -  Listen carefully!Loud speech in dialogue -  Im in the garden!Ironic comments -  He paid, for a change!  or . . .  for a change (!)Strong mental attitudes -  Hardly! he thought But there are many other instances where you should omit exclamation points, as in this example from The Little Seagull Handbook. It was so close, so low, so huge and fast, so intent on its target that I swear to you, I swear to you, I felt the vengeance and rage emanating from the plane.- Debra Fontaine, Witnessing Bill Walsh, the late copy chief for the  Washington Post, noted in The Elephants of Style: A Trunkload of Tips on the Big Issues and Gray Areas of Contemporary American English that you should omit exclamation points (and other punctuation marks) when they are, essentially, gimmicky decorations for company names. So, says Walsh, you would write Yahoo,  not Yahoo! The Associated Press Stylebook also notes that you place exclamation points within quote marks when they are part of the quoted material, as in: How wonderful! he exclaimed.Never! she shouted. But place exclamation points outside of quotation marks when they are not part of the quoted material: I hated reading Spensers Faerie Queene! And never use other punctuation marks, such as a comma, after an exclamation point: Wrong: Halt!, the corporal cried.Right: Halt! the corporal cried. So, when using exclamation points remember that less is more. Use this punctuation mark- whether it be one, two, or three exclamation points- only when the context calls for it. Otherwise, let your prose speak for themselves and save the mighty exclamation point for extreme circumstances, for heavens sake!!!

Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Journal - Assignment Example Without a doubt, Poe does an excellent job of portraying the narrator’s behavior. The narrator is unable to explain his behavior clearly because his action of frightening the old man and then killing him was too spontaneous. As mentioned above, he is so befuddled and is driven mad by the guilty that he just could not beg to confess. One cannot diminish the fact that Poe provides a comprehensive understand of paranoia and mental corrosion of the narrator. In order to enhance the suspense, Poe deliberately adds key details of memories that the murderer confesses to such as the old man’s eyes and his heartbeat. In this particular instance, the â€Å"Tell-Tale Heart† depicts the psychological contradictions that one man faces as he tries to justify his brutal murder of an innocent old man. The justifications almost seemed that the man killed his victim due to self-defense when clearly that was not the case. Poe tries to depict the act of a criminal’s mind and his absurd obsession with the old man. Poe excels to depict this story in such a way that makes the narrator seem normal but insane at the same. Clearly, the narrator is confused with mixed emotions as he both loves and hates the old man. The true sense of love is shown as observes the man but then kills him due to hate.

Article Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 15

Article Review - Essay Example In his work, his aim is to keep readers entertained, but in his view to entertain, it is clear the author disregards the Populist Party. In the author’s argument on politics and money, the symbols he uses for representation are characterized. Dorothy symbolizes the medium of transport for the local currency; silver is the value of money, and she wears silver shoes, gold also represents the value of money, while green is neutral. The common farmer believed that the yellow brick road† which was the term used to represent gold would cause harm†, but in the real sense it was what was needed to solve all the problems experienced. The argument that populist use the power they have to their advantage shows, as he uses the wizard who takes on many forms, the wizard only agrees to help if there is something to return the favor. The populist showed people a side of them that they knew would be convincing; their true characters and intentions were hidden. The author Frank Baum was not a politician; he was a writer, and that is why he was well informed in the political settings. The article shows how some people are perceived, dumb and stupid. These people never get the chance give their own opinion. The scarecrow in the article represents this group of people. It is lifeless and without a brain, what people do not know is that the scarecrow has a brain. The article engages the addressees; the symbols used help one to understand why this article was reviewed. Each symbol used is relevant to what it represents. In the symbol of the wizard, it represents bad leaders as the article explain how the wizard transform’s, this clearly shows how bad leaders hide who they really are. The article does not explain in depth, how money and politics play a part in this article, it shows their symbols but does not really explain, how this relates with the common people who are the mice, in this article. The articles’ focus is mainly on the populist, it needs to cover all

The necessity of Government Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The necessity of Government - Article Example This paper helps to provide an insight regarding renowned mine disasters that took place in the United states of America and how the presence of the government has been necessary in order to counter these disasters and keep the people together in a calm and dignified manner so that they are able to cope up with the effects of these mine disasters. The Centralia Mine disaster took place on the 25th of March in the year 1947, in the Centralia coal mine in Illinois. According to reports, the disaster killed around eleven people and was caused because the coal dust was ignited by a shot blown out of proportion, causing havoc and upheaval. During the time that the shot took place, around 65 workers within the mine itself were injured severely and died. (Drogin, Bob, and Nicole Santa Cruz) The Sago mine disaster on the other hand took place in the year 2000 in Sago, West Virginia and has been recorded as one of the worst mine disasters that the United States of America has been hit by or h as faced. According to this blast, around thirteen people had been trapped alive within the mine out of which twelve of them had been able to survive and make it out alive. The blast received a great amount of media coverage and press coverage by various news channels and newspapers. (Feds Blame Mine Operator for Fatal Collapse) In Utah, the Crandall Canyon Mine has been known for a long time for its supply of bituminous coal and in the year 2007, this mine suffered a collapse because of which six miners had been trapped within its confines. Even the rescue workers who were trying to uncover and find the trapped miners were found dead. The miners were never found and thus had been declared dead by the government within a matter of a month. (Roston, Aram) All these incidents taking place mean that there needs to be a certain existence of law and order with respect to taking proper care and caution of the resources that exist within the environment around society, and such action need s to be carried out by the government. Different mine disasters taking place during different points in history simply calls for the government not being responsible enough to take care of and call for action regarding doing something or taking certain precautionary measures for both the miners and rescue workers as well as the people living in nearby towns and villages. The main similarities between all the mine disasters that have been talked about above are the number of people that were killed as well as the fact that nothing was done in order to make the situation better for the people. The government is a very necessary element required within society especially during such times of need when the resources of the country are being utilized in a manner not befitting society. In this case, the mines are a part of the country and need to be handled with care on part of the government. The biggest question is why proper care was not taken in the later years after having experience d deadly mine disasters in the 90s already. It is important for a country to have a government that is able to carry out action in a manner befitting the people. The g

Factors Which Led To The Origins Of Agriculture History Essay

Factors Which Led To The Origins Of Agriculture History Essay The transition from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to that of an agriculturist, is considered by some, to have been inevitable as part of the natural evolutionary progression and development of man (Rindos 1986: 6). It is in our nature as humans to be progressive and, as such, we automatically follow a sequence of pre-ordained (Harris 1986: 12) and invariable steps in order to achieve higher levels of social development (Westropp 1872, cited by Barker 2006: 8). A lack of knowledge was the only factor that prevented the transition from hunting and gathering to farming; before the Holocene, man had simply not reached the cognitive nor cultural level required to formulate the concept of agricultural subsistence (Richerson et al. 2001: 394). Bender agrees, noting that the mental capacity and physical dexterity of the humans that were responsible for the origins of agriculture, in contrast to hunter-gatherers of 4million years ago, were significantly more advanced, which in turn enabled the development of more complex societies (Bender 1978: 209). This suggests that the accumulation of knowledge regarding their local environment and resources, led eventually to experimentation and ultimately domestication. At the Cave of Diaotonghuan in the Jiangxi province of China, there is a gradual growth in the number of rice phytoliths of domestic form in relation to those of wild form (Higham 2005: 242). This indicates a gradual assimilation of domesticates into their subsistence base following the acquisition of appropriate knowledge in regards to domestication of their local resources; this eventually led to total reliance on intensive agriculture. Similarly, at Abu Hureyra in Northern Syria, the percentage of gazelle bones decreases over the sites period of occupation, whereas the number of bones belonging to domesticates gradually increases, eventually becoming the dominant component in the villagers subsistence base (Watkins 2005: 214). This was not a rapid, single event, b ut a more gradual process in which the villagers steadily became more dependent on domesticates. These examples demonstrate how knowledge was the limiting factor and how the gradual accumulation of knowledge (Zvekebil 1986: 9) and the resulting familiarity with potential domesticates resulted in their manipulation (Braidwood 1960, cited by Cohen 1977: 8), and, ultimately, domestication. The varying rates at which different cultures adopted agriculture can also be explained by this model; it took different societies different amounts of time to acquire the required level of knowledge and familiarity with their local resources (Braidwood 1960, cited by Richerson et al. 2001: 399); until this was achieved, progression to domestication could not occur. It is a common assumption that the lifestyle that is concurrent with agricultural production is significantly superior to that associated with Hunter-Gatherer communities. It has been suggested by some that if the adequate level of knowledge and cultural readiness had been achieved in favourable ecological circumstances, then the advantages of agriculture would have appeared so discernable as to make the transition to a domestic mode of production axiomatic (Zvelebil: 1986(b): 8). It is wrong to make this assumption, however, as it is not inevitable that agriculture will bring with it an easier and more reliable lifestyle; indeed, it has been adduced that the emergence of agriculture bought with it a number of disadvantages. These include chronic malnutrition the consequence of an instable subsistence base and resultant famine increased labour input and reduced leisure time. Furthermore, the appearance of widespread stress does not occur until reliance upon intensive agriculture is well established (Rindos 1986: 38). The Kung!-San Bushmen of the Kalahari Desert provide an interesting illustration of a modern hunter-gatherer group that has no need or desire to transfer to an agrarian way of life. Their subsistence base consists of varying wild materials, including both preferential and contingency resources; they operate on a schedule of strategic seasonal movements in order to exploit particular resources at specific times and locations throughout the year (Lee 1968, cited by Barker 2006: 29). Various mechanisms, including infanticide, allow population levels to be kept low and well within the capacity of the available food supply (Lee 1968, cited by Scarre 2005: 186) as well as enabling them to maintain their ubiquitous lifestyle. The Kung!-San do not suffer from any Puritan Ethos (Bender 1978: 206), and therefore the number of hours per day spent collecting food is kept to a minimum, relinquishing the majority of their time for leisure purposes. It can be s een, therefore, that the hunter-gatherer lifestyle can provide a reliable and varied subsistence base, as well as a more relaxed style of living; the incentives for transition to an agricultural lifestyle are not obvious. Because of this, it is possible that hunter-gather communities did not willingly accept to abandon their lifestyle of choice, but were instead forced by some external factor. Stark identified such factors as Push Models people were coerced into farming by some common factor or stress (Stark 1986, cited by Barker 2006: 36). Bellwood agrees, stating that there are no compelling reasons why hunter-gathers would have adopted agriculture, unless pushed (Bellwood 2005: 41). The origins of agriculture are often attributed to climatic variation, a significant push factor in the process of achieving intensified domestication (Moore 1986: 626). The study of ice cores, deep sea cores, and pollen profiles has revealed that the Post-Glacial period was characterised by a cold, dry and extremely variable climate. The transition into the Holocene, however, saw a shift to a more stable climate, with warmer and wetter conditions (Bellwood 2005: 20). It is this important climatic transition that is thought to have enabled the conversion to agriculture and is the foundation of a number of important hypotheses regarding agrarian development. An example of such is Childes Oasis Theory; he promotes that the melting of the European ice sheets at the end of the last glaciation would have forced rain bearing depressions north, promoting desiccation in the Near East. This in turn would have forced animals and humans into closer proximities around the ever decreasing number of water side locations. This allowed humans to develop a greater understanding of their local resources, and further to this, enabled them to realise the benefits of establishing a symbiotic relationship with the local fauna, as opposed to exploiting them using hunting strategies (Childe 1936 cited by Scarre 2005: 188); the advantages of this would simply have become obvious to them given the stress they were under from post glacial desiccation (Barker 2006: 14). An example of how desiccation can affects the subsistence base of a society can be found at Abu Hureyra. During the Pleistocene the villagers were dependent on a wide range of resources; they hunted wild cattle, sheep and gazelle, but also gathered a number of different plant species. With the onset of the Younger Dryas, the colder and more arid climate made gathering more difficult. The people of Abu Hureyra instead turned to intensive cultivation of rye, a robust cereal that could withstand the more difficult conditions (Watkins 2005: 214). Although this supports Childes idea that it was desiccation that caused the transition to agriculture, his theory in general is flawed and cannot be universally applied. Pollen analysis in the Near East confirms that the Early Holocene was indeed characterised climatically by a warmer, wetter regime and not by desiccation. The climatic transition in this region progressed from dry to moist, rather than the reverse, which devalues the foundation of Childes hypothesis (Wright 1977 cited by Rindos 1984: 15) due to the unsatisfactory environmental data which is the basis of his claims. The emergence of domesticated rye at Abu Hureya between 10800-9600BC, or during the Younger Dryas, is very early in contrast to other sites. For the most part, agriculture in the Near East was not adopted under desiccated conditions, but in the warmer and wetter conditions of the Holocene. The recovery and study of rice phytoliths at the Cave of Diaotonghuan in the Jiangxi province of China has revealed a correlation between climate change and the development of the domesticate. Within Zone G, which correlates to a period of more favourable climate, there is relatively high number of rice phytoliths. This number severely depreciates within Zone F, however, which is reflective of the colder and more arid climate of the Younger Dryas. The quantity of phytoliths once again increases significantly within Zones D and E due to a longer period of warmth between 8000-6000BC; the phytoliths here are evenly split between wild and cultivated forms. By Zone C, the phytoliths are entirely cultivated in form, and remain abundant, due to the continuing warm climate. This sequence reveals a correlation between fluctuations in climate and the quantity of rice phytoliths present. During colder periods, the amount of phytoliths decreases, whereas, they increase with more favourable climates. Ever increasing quantities of phytoliths of domestic form relative to the quantity of wild is also observable during the warmer periods (Higham 2005: 241). This demonstrates that it was during better climatic conditions that domesticates began to be more widely utilised, and not during periods of desiccation. Although Childes theory is, in general, flawed, there is evidence to support the claim that climatic variation did indeed have an effect on the origins of agriculture. One of the most interesting theories regarding the origins of agriculture considers the relationship between sedentism, population growth, and the availability of local resources; the transition to agriculture occurred, simply, because of disequilibrium between the number of available resources and swelling population numbers (Zvelebil 1986 (a): 9). Increased sedentism brought with it relaxation of mechanisms and birth controls previously used to keep population levels low (Rindos 1984: 19), which resulted in a significant increase in population numbers. The favourable, coastal, resource rich areas, that could previously support these smaller, hunter-gatherer populations, could no longer cope once the population had expanded beyond the regions carrying capacity. This led to expansion into more marginal zones (Binford 1968, cited by Bellwood 2005: 22 and Scarre 2005: 189), until further territorial extension became undesirable or untenable (Cohen 1977: 12); the populations of these ar eas were then forced to turn to agriculture as a means of subsistence intensification, allowing them to feed their growing numbers. This theory is particularly desirable as it not only accounts for why agriculture was adopted, but for why it occurred at differing rates at various different loci Population pressure had simply not yet reached the point where reliance upon agriculture was called for (Rindos 1984: 33). Unfortunately, there is an underlying problem with this hypothesis. As mentioned above, climatic change cannot be used as a globally extendable explanation for the change in subsistence base; climate, by nature, is regionally specific and the effects of it are therefore hugely diverse (Rindos 1984: 16). The favourable coast line habitats, which, according to Binford, were the areas where people first turned to sedentism, flourished with increasing sea levels. However, increased sea levels would affect differing coastlines in a number of ways (Cohen 1977: 7) the creation of superior habitats is just one of these. This would not have been a universal or uniform effect, and therefore cannot be a globally applied theory for the origins of agriculture. It still seems tenable, however, that population growth would have brought about a necessity for agriculture in order to provide a more stable food supply for an ever increasing population. Alternative views consider the origins of agriculture to be the result of social factors. Bender in particular promotes this idea, claiming that other factors, such as demography, are often considered to have played a much greater role than is realistic, whilst social structure is significantly over looked (Bender 1978: 204); ultimately it is the social relations that articulate society and set the evolutionary pattern'(Bender 1978: 218). In other words, it is social factors that bring about the most significant transitions and cause the greatest change. Competition between social groups is often considered to have led to the development of intensified food production in order to provide the specifically valued kinds of food deployed in competitive strategies and acts of reciprocity (Scarre 2005: 187). Feasting and the accumulation and distribution of prestige items were common mechanisms for achieving wealth, status and power. They are, however, expensive in terms of subsistence and require surplus resources (Zvelebil 1986(a): 10); hunting and gathering can only supply limited resources. This is why agriculture was developed in order to fund such reciprocal mechanisms via a more stable and consistent subsistence base. Alternatively, for Hodder, the domus the location of production and reproduction which constitute society and social relation (Hodder 1990: 39) was the social mechanism which drove the transition to agriculture. As a concept, it acted as a metaphor for the desire to control and transform nature; the individual experience of domestication led ultimately to intensification and domestication (Hodder 1990: 41). In summary, for economic domestication to be successful, it must be preceded by social domestication. Both of these examples illustrate how social pressure provided a positive incentive for hunter-gatherer societies to transfer to an agricultural lifestyle. Bellwood, however, considers an alternative view on how social pressures had an effe ct on the transition to domestication in certain landscapes, from the perspective of how hunter-gatherer communities were put under pressure from agriculturalists moving into their territories looking for regions of high agricultural potential. The relationship between the native hunter-gatherers and invading agriculturalists would have initially been one of exchange, and would have been mutually beneficial to both parties involved (Bellwood 2005: 41). It is often considered that contact with the agriculturalists would eventually lead the hunter gatherers to realise of the benefits of domestication, encouraging them to switch to this lifestyle. Bellwood suggests, however, that this may not have happened; he argues that as pressure on resources increased, along with increasing attempts by the agriculturalists to dominate the hunter gatherers, this would only have dissuaded them to change their lifestyle (Bellwood 2005: 41). This form of social pressure therefore acts only a deterrent to the adoption of agriculture. It can be seen therefore that no one explanation for the origins of agriculture is entirely satisfactory. This is to be expected, however; these factors are conceived at level that is too general to account for local distinctions (Moore 1986: 622). Domestication would have been adopted for a number of distinct and differing reasons, due to the diverse nature of the various loci where agriculture originated (Zvelebil 1986(b): 167). The origin of agriculture was not brought about by one driving factor it was not a monocausal phenomenon (Scarre 2005: 186). It was a combination of factors most importantly climatic variation, demographic change and social pressure, as well as the accumulation of necessary knowledge which would have combined in various ways to ultimately bring about a shift to food production.

Humanism: Dangerous Illusion, Desperate Faith or Duty of Time? :: Education Learning Philosophy Papers

Humanism: Dangerous Illusion, Desperate Faith or Duty of Time? Abstract: In antiquity, the idea of padeia organically joined learning and education. In today's world it remains the essence of culture. However, philosophy is now characterized by a spirit of pragmatism that correlates present-day needs with actual sociocultural trends. Humanism can seem today nothing more than an illusion, an unrealizable utopia. Nevertheless, philosophy in its educative role should shape a attitude to life that is not only deep and universal but humanistic as well. The present congress, developing the themes of the previous one ("The mankind at the turning-point"), concretizes them, marking a special role of philosophy in "education of humanity". In this aspect reference to the antique "paideia" notion, organically combining education and upbringing, is not casual. The motto of the last philosophical congress in this century grasps the tendencies and needs of culture which begun to show of late. That's what is the prerogative of philosophy as "a permanent watchman, guardian of culture". He is so historically, socially and culturally determined that humanity greets a turn of centuries, the so much of millennia, jubilating and worrying at the same time. The situation so fraught with possibilities and dangers if not satisfied may lead to crush of the mankind that has proved bankrupt. We have found ourselves in the bifurcation process admitting as well "the end of history" in its most tragic sense. Philosophy plays the most important part in formation, basing of new values, innoticing emerging trends, choice of arising variants. Reflexing over culture as a whole philosophy allows to correlate the needs and potenties of the current moment with actual trends. Combining the prognostic and projective functions philosophy forms the sprouts of new world outlooks and conditions of "natural" refusal of obsolete, out of date ones. This role is not conspicuous: philosophical thought must be ready for the fact that penetrates public consciousness neither directly nor immediately, but implicitly, gradually, embracing the most diversified spheres of spiritual activity and only in long time achieving the status of the spiritual objectivized. So much more comprehensive, deep and prolonged its impact is. It has been correctly stated that these were Kant and Hegel who had the most influence over their contemporaries' minds (so few of them actually knew their works, at that). Well-known is Martin Luther King's role in stopping the Vietnam war, changing the whole mentality of the American nation, not so long ago allowing "witc hhunt" and racism.

Fantasy Books

What if you discovered a magic spring that would keep you forever as young and vital as the day you drank from it- would you partake it? Fantasy represents that which is impossible and outside the parameters of our known reality. Although some people believe that fantasy books, movies and TV shows are corrupting the minds of teens nevertheless fantasy books should be read because they teach the difference between good and bad. Fantasy books often tend to be very appealing to teenagers and help develop their personality, which is why a lot of teenagers who previously never used to read books started reading books.Reading fantasy books such as Harry Potter and twilight instills love for reading books in young teens. These adolescents can partially relate to some of these stories, as most of the characters of the novels are the same age as the readers. Hence, teenagers undergo a similar experience, though they are restricted by realities of life. These books tend to be a temporary escap e from daily life. This is evident from the fact that before Harry Potter it was usually unheard of kids queuing in front of book shops to buy books (CITATION . Teens are interested in reading books that let them explore the world beyond their immediate surroundings. It helped them think out of the box. This allowed them to dream much bigger than they could ever before. It also develops critical reading skills of the teenagers which later helps in their academics. For example reading lengthy books such as Harry Potter, not only increases the reading speed of these children but also helps them read effectively when in class, as it helps them save time.Therefore it is beneficial not detrimental for teenagers to read fantasy books as it instills in them the habit of reading from an early age which later helps them in life. Fantasy books and movies increase the imagination and creativity of teens. When a teenager reads fantasy books and watches fantasy movies, the thought provoking natu re of his/her mind is triggered. It makes the reader intrigued by what is happening in the plot, and what will happen? They will want to speculate the story and be surprised by what they read.This increases the sensible predicting capacity of an individual. According to UK’s fantasy book reviews, fantasy books such as Earthsea Saga (CITATION5) Fantasies allow readers to consider and speculate painful realistic themes sometimes in a way that is more acceptable than in reality. This enables them Therefore teenagers are interested in reading books that let them explore the world beyond their immediate surroundings. It helps them think outside the box. This allows them to dream bigger than they could ever before.These books and movies allow teenagers to see how different situations instigate different emotions in people and how can they be overcome. Although critics argue that reading fantasy corrupts young minds, however Fantasy books and television shows can often be productive . This is because fantasy books help develop the young minds, rather than corrupt them. They help individuals think outside the box, and go beyond what they see in their daily lives. They . They develop values, and desire and passion for excellence. For example, inFantasy books and movies often portray being part of the good team as a norm that is supported by society and almost always results in a good outcome, whereas evil leads one astray and leads to eventual defeat and shamefulness*. This is evident from fantasy movies such as Spiderman and Batman. For example in Batman, Firstly, it is believed by certain sections of society that reading fantasy books and seeing television shows do not develop but rather corrupt young minds. This view is often supported through examples such as Twilight and the need

Free Essays on Learning And Development

Learning and Development Learning and development of children needs to be met in many different ways. I saw this through observing and viewing the Seasons of Life Video’s. In observing I saw that teachers have to be aware of each child’s present level of functioning. This determined the manner in which they were taught and how praise or discipline was administered. Therefore, how a child learns and develops. In viewing the Season’s of Life videos I saw that there are many cultural, gender, and social class issues in today’s world. In the classroom, these things need to be addressed very carefully and tactfully. Children’s diversities should be nurtured and embraced not criticized in order for the children to develop properly. Through the years I have become increasingly aware that I learn best as a visual learner. This is shown in Artifact 1. Not everyone learns the same. Teachers have to develop many different teaching styles to accommodate each child. I saw this in an observation I did with a special education class. Each child took turns working on a number activity. Every time a new student came up the teacher explained the activity a different way. Because the teacher knew how these children learned, she was best able to show the children how to do the activity in their learning style. In today’s growing world, students and teachers need to have knowledge of computer and presentation skills. As anyone can already tell, I have computer skills. I think it is very important for schools to have students on computers a certain amount of time a week. Presentation skills are also something good for students to have. Many times in student’s lives, they will be able to use presentation skill. Through an observation, I saw this being taught. The students each had to put together a science project and present it on a certain night. They also had to use the computer for doing some things for this p... Free Essays on Learning And Development Free Essays on Learning And Development Learning and Development Learning and development of children needs to be met in many different ways. I saw this through observing and viewing the Seasons of Life Video’s. In observing I saw that teachers have to be aware of each child’s present level of functioning. This determined the manner in which they were taught and how praise or discipline was administered. Therefore, how a child learns and develops. In viewing the Season’s of Life videos I saw that there are many cultural, gender, and social class issues in today’s world. In the classroom, these things need to be addressed very carefully and tactfully. Children’s diversities should be nurtured and embraced not criticized in order for the children to develop properly. Through the years I have become increasingly aware that I learn best as a visual learner. This is shown in Artifact 1. Not everyone learns the same. Teachers have to develop many different teaching styles to accommodate each child. I saw this in an observation I did with a special education class. Each child took turns working on a number activity. Every time a new student came up the teacher explained the activity a different way. Because the teacher knew how these children learned, she was best able to show the children how to do the activity in their learning style. In today’s growing world, students and teachers need to have knowledge of computer and presentation skills. As anyone can already tell, I have computer skills. I think it is very important for schools to have students on computers a certain amount of time a week. Presentation skills are also something good for students to have. Many times in student’s lives, they will be able to use presentation skill. Through an observation, I saw this being taught. The students each had to put together a science project and present it on a certain night. They also had to use the computer for doing some things for this p...

Essay on Public Speaking Essay Example

Essay on Public Speaking Essay Example Essay on Public Speaking Paper Essay on Public Speaking Paper Essay Topic: Public Speaking Public Speaking Public Speaking and Communication 1. Personal opinion on Public Speaking. Suggested answers: Public speaking means giving a speech to a group of people on a special occasion like Teachers Day, opening ceremony of an event, graduation. i) Nervous, self-conscious, butterflies in the stomach, scared; challenging, fun, confidence booster, empowering. ii) To be a more confident, fluent, effective public speaker; to gain confidence, improve the command of English, overcome the fear of speaking in front of an audience. 2. What should you do to give a good speech. Suggested answers: write out the speech and memorise the script;- practice, practice, practice! choose an interesting title; make it short, funny and captivating; speak clearly with a moderate speed; use simple language and make sure one idea is connected to another naturally. 3. Ethics. Answers: i) Because speechmaking is a form of power, it carries with it heavy (ethical, sociological, psychological) responsibilities. ii) (Rhetoric, Ethics, Theology) is a branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs. iii) In public speaking, sound ethical decisions involved weighing a potential course of action against A. a set of ethical standards of guidelines. B. the practicality of taking that course of action. C. a set of legal criteria for acceptable speech. D. the speakers goals in a given situation. iv) Which of the following violates the speakers ethical obligation to be honest in what she or he says? A. juggling statistics. B. quoting out of context. C. citing unusual cases as typical examples. D. all of the above. v) Even though it is not easy to assess a speakers goals, it is still necessary to ask ethical questions about those goals. True / False vi) The larger the audience becomes, the greater is the ethical responsibility of the speaker to be fully prepared. 4. Impromptu Speech: Self-introduction Suggested answer: Good morning to everyone. My name is John Ooi Teck Leong, you can call me John or my nickname TL. My hometown is Sitiawan, Perak. My parents run a small family business in town. I have an elder sister and two younger brothers. When Im free, I like to hang out with my friends, play basketball and watch the TV. I come to UTAR because I want to become an accountant, and my parents believe UTAR is the right place for me. In the future, I hope to become a successful accountant, run my own auditing firm, buy a big house for my family and travel around the world. Thats all, thank you! 5. Famous influential speakers of the world. Suggested answers: Mahatma Gandhi political spiritual leader of India who fought for independence Aung San Suu Kyi freedom fighter of Myanmar Sir Winston Spencer Churchill -Prime Minister of the U. K. during WWII John F. Kennedy 35th President of the USA (1917-1963) Martin Luther King civil rights activist, USA (1929-1968)

Project Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Project Plan - Assignment Example Similarly, other team work based units can implement this system to control the team work process. Likewise, Teamworker will help students to do their projects well; because they do not need to utilize a number of different web based platforms (i.e. Facebook, Google Drive, DropBox etc) as a means of accomplishing a given task. Likewise, it promotes the overall efficiency and productivity of each member; as students no longer need to schedule a block of time in which they will all meet at a given geographic location and discuss the progress of their project. Teamworker is a web-based project that teams of up to six students to gain access to a platform that can facilitate the learning process and provide a level of oversight to those educators that seek to monitor it; prior to delivering a final grade. The benefits of such a platform are innumerable; however, perhaps the most important benefit has to do with the fact that the educators finally have a reliable means of measurement with regard to which team members did what and which team members did not pull their own weight for the project at hand. In terms of actual details that the portal requires, these are inclusive of team name/number, attribution of supervisors and/or tutors’ name as well required population of the project title, and finally a short description of the problem that the project seeks to address; in 100 words or less. After signing up, the team will receive an account number and password. Then, they will have access to their team page and update the team information or upload their assignments together with their meeting minutes. Moreover, as students can share their project files online, they can access the files easily and communicate with other members from only one website. A team can only have privileges and permissions to their only team pages; restricting their operations on the site to only their own team’s content. Yet, the tutors and supervisors can

The Best Form of Governmen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Best Form of Governmen - Essay Example In this form of government, the rule is for needy people. Under conditions of law or aristocracy, the ruler is interested in the outcome of his actions in the name of his country (Mindell 1996; Randall, 1960; Robinson, 1995). Aristotle on government Government should develop virtue and common good. The rulers are interested in people with enough knowledge, power and time to follow their ideas. Nowadays there is a need to promote the development of the best ruler. The politics must be open for the â€Å"ready† rulers, who are focused on their own ideas and the developments in the name of the virtue. The politicians should not cash in on the misery of their citizens; they must develop their policies in the name of the common good. The rulers have to invest their money into the development of the common virtue, because the laborers are too busy and they will not be able to contribute much into a common good. In his Book III we can read: â€Å"†¦a state is a body of citizens sufficing for the purposes of life† (Aristotle 1997, p. 43). Concerning the negative forms of the government, Aristotle claims that under conditions of tyranny, the interests of the monarch are supported. In terms of oligarchy, the interests of wealthy people are taken into account. ... It is a kind of a mixture of democracy, monarchy, and oligarchy. I think that in the modern context it is possible to apply the ideas of Aristotle successfully. In case the modern rulers do not consider democracy as the most successful form of the government, there is a need to implement the mixed forms of ruling (Jackson, 2001). Aristotle justifies his choice of a mixed government employing the example of the social roles: for instance, a father shows different roles in his relations with his children and his wife: in the first case these rules are royal and in the second case these rules are constitutional ones. Moreover, we can analyze the following quote by Aristotle: â€Å"†¦but in most constitutional states the citizens rule and are ruled by turns, for the idea of a constitutional state implies that the natures of the citizens are equal, and do not differ at all. Nevertheless, when one rules and the other is ruled we endeavour to create a difference of outward forms and n ames and titles of respect† (Aristotle 1997, p. 185). Consequently, we can claim that rules of governing are changing during a certain period of time. The constitutional government implies relations of a wife and a husband. There are permanent inequalities within the governmental structure. In their essence, these relations are equal, but in fact there is always a kind of difference in the relations between wives and husbands. Consequently, â€Å"polity† is the best form of the government, as Aristotle claims. Every citizen has a right to rule. Ruling is a complex activity and there are many social layers involved in the process of governing. Therefore, an option of a social control over different forms of the government place both rich and

A Beloved Place for the Rest, namely the Forest Essay

A Beloved Place for the Rest, namely the Forest - Essay Example Going to the forest is one of the best voyages in life to take. God indeed loves humanity as it manifests through the perfect beauty of the nature surrounding us. I can remember it was a sunny and blissful morning when I decided to take a trip to an outskirt nearby. Half a kilometer away, I could already tell that one blissful reunion would take place later that day. Because I am a forest addict, I had the cheek to go there all by myself. Just like what most forest goers encounter, I had my share of stern tests. Before I could get to the heart of the timberland, I knew, I had to go through some tough challenges. Finally, I arrived at the doorstep of the jungle. The first thing I saw was a cohort of vibrant buds bowing down their heads to welcome me. Although quite silly, I felt I was treated like a royalty. As I hovered above my head, I could see the wild vines meshing up with each other to form a lovely wild curtain; I could also hear the birds chirping tones in mirth. It seemed like they were chanting out in harmony to serenade me. I stared down and saw my leather booths muddled up with some thick mud clinging around them, but I knew the sludge was not going to stay there for long as the spikey fingers of the eyes were ready to wipe them out. When I finally took several steps inward, it seemed like the time has traveled so fast that day... the surroundings turned rather gloomy, although everything was still in sight. Different sounds I heard: the blabbing voice of the river, the squeaky and tiny sounds of the squirrels, the sound of the clapping leaves as they were swayed against each othe r by the wild winds, and some mysterious noises that blended together to create a perfect music – something that could not be produced even by the most brilliant record producers, composers, and singers. But of course it was not a walk-in-the-park trail; I also had some of the tensest feelings I have ever felt in my life. Who does not get scared by snakes? By scorpions and tarantulas?

Future of Bioenergy Essay Example for Free

Future of Bioenergy Essay In moving towards the modern era, there are many things and aspects should be taken into account to guarantee that a country is in a stable condition and progress without investing too much money in the certain sectors. So, to ensure that the development of a country can run smoothly, the government needs to control the financial resources well and also they need to make sure the necessary resources provided to the public are adequate and meet the needs of the people in that country. One of the best ways to achieve the mission of creating a developing country in terms of economic development and environmentally friendly is by using the renewable energy systems where it can use to support the energy resources that cannot be renewed plus the amount of it, is getting reduced from time to time. By applying this good alternative method, it can save a million of money and leads the country to the Green Energy living way. There are large quantities of renewable energy resources that can be found in Ireland, but just part of these resources already been discovered and commercialized well in Ireland. To reduce the dependency on imported fuels, fossil fuels like oil, coal and natural gas and also reducing harmful greenhouse emission, sustainable alternative is recommended. â€Å"Renewable Energy,† 2012) As one of the easiest and best renewable energy to accommodate this strategy is by develop the Bioenergy as it can be a good resource to supply alternative energy and supply a significant proportion of the energy needs as well as provide a momentous proportion of energy needs, generate many public benefits for the country together with environmental enrichment, augmented variety of renewable alternatives and also regional economic development benefits. Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland or formally known as SEAI play a good role in this production. They do develop the renewable energy industry in Ireland by playing a leading role of transforming Ireland into a society based on sustainable energy structures, technologies and practices. (â€Å"About Us New,† 2012) Bio-Energy Bio-Energy is referring to the cellular material from living or dead organisms. It is an extensive resource and it can be divided into wastes and purpose grown material like so; I.  Waste streams including a small amount of forestry and related industries, recycled wood, agricultural residues and agrifood effluents, manures, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste, separated household waste and sewage slush. II. Purpose grown energy crops including short rotation forestry, Miscanthus grass, etc. (â€Å"Briefing Note on Biomass,†2002) The EU Directive on Sustainable Electricity from RES (where they do the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources in the internal electricity market 2000/0116 (COD), 2001. defines biomass as including the biodegradable fraction of products, wastes and residues from agriculture (including vegetal and animal substances), forestry and related industries, as well as the biodegradable fraction of industrial and municipal waste. (â€Å"Briefing Note on Biomass,†2002) It is perhaps worth noting here, in terms of the cross scattered nature of biomass as noted above, that The European Council Directive on Landfill of Waste (1999) requires Member States to formulate a strategy in favor of reducing the amount of biodegradable waste going to landfill. Under the Directive, landfill gas will have to be collected from all landfills receiving biodegradable waste and it will use to produce energy or be burned. Irish targets outlined by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) over a fifteen year time-scale include a 65% reduction in biodegradable wastes consigned to landfill, as well as an 80% reduction in methane emissions from landfill. Therefore, this directive points towards the increased utilization of landfill gas for energy in the near term while at the same time restricting its potential as a long term source of energy. Currently, there are few of the agencies who concern about the challenges that we face in our new era regarding to the reduction of non-renewable energy sources like coal, oil and natural gases. Lots of the strategic plan has already come out on upgrading the energy usage and also in consuming the renewable energy sources from the natural resources which are still available in our surroundings. By focusing more seriously in a few sources that have a great potential to cover up the non-renewable energy resource and also it has a better opportunity to become a great supplier in the renewable energy sources industry, Republic of Ireland come out with their own strategies. Plus, there are fewer of challenges that almost of the countries need to face it right now including Ireland. For example, they need to be struggling with the climate changes and the increasing of greenhouse gas emission which is one of the big issues among public, government of Ireland need to face with the rising of energy costs as they also facing with the falling competitiveness among the other countries because of the currency of the Euro is falling down. Other than that, they also depend more with the imported oil and other fossil fuels with the security of supply should be noted. From these things happens, it makes the life more complicated and tough. So, from here it leads the Ireland to move into the other step which is closer to making this country as one of the environmental safely places to live by developing the Bioenergy industry as one of the best alternative way to overcome those problems stated. As Ireland have a strong strategy and well arranged future planning to carry out the energy from a certain resources like agriculture wastes and recycled products, it can lead the country to achieve the best environment with a green environmental friendly. Based on the Bio-Energy Roadmap published by the Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI), Bio-Energy will be one the fundamental and essential element that will contribute more to Ireland’s future energy requirements and needs together provide significant economic and environmental benefits. From the words of Chief Executive Officer of SEAI; Prof. J Owen Lewis, he wrote that ; Ireland already has an active Bioenergy sector, with increasing use in industry, transport and in our homes. This is just the beginning. Much of the energy and climate debate focuses on short term goals, as it should. However, energy is a long term issue involving infrastructure and investment decisions with far-reaching consequences. There is, I believe, growing understanding of the changes we are facing and of the need to start acting now. I also think many people realize that, far from being purely a risk or a challenge, this process of change is a huge opportunity for Ireland. An export-oriented high value sector will find plenty of markets seeking to solve the same energy issues we face here in Ireland. Ireland is well-placed to be a leader in Bioenergy, but we must act if we are to secure this position. (J. Owen Lewis, 2010) So from the statement stated, it proves that Bioenergy got a great potential to be developed and build up more seriously. The point of view is how can we get into it in achieving the mission and goal as it is one of the best ways in Ireland to support the non-renewable energy in this country. The government and people should start to think it more seriously because of the non-renewable resources is not increasing from time to time but it will decrease from the next becoming years. From the diagram below, it shows that how the graph of the total energy primary demand scenario in Ireland that keeps increasing from 2010 to 2050 and this data are based on the data collection from 2010, 2020 NREAP; 2050 SEAI Bioenergy Roadmap. Diagram 1 : The total of Bioenergy demand scenario for an 80% reduction in CO2 emission by 2050. (2010, 2020 NREAP; 2050 SEAI Bioenergy Roadmap) Table 1 : The percentage of Bioenergy demand according to the sector provided in Ireland. (2010, 2020 NREAP; 2050 SEAI Bioenergy Roadmap) Based on the chart and and also the table shown above, we can see that the high demand of the Bioenergy industry is giving a positive responds and data. The value of the demand keeps increasing from year to year till it achieve a first phase of 2020 and at 2050, it shows that the percentage of every sector is attaining more than 20% of demand. From the explanation taken in the Bioenergy Roadmap 2010 – 2050, the bioenergy demand to 2050 has been forecast using specialist in-house modelling, with the impact of technology development considered to determine the primary bioenergy demand. The main goal of the 2050 model is to indicate the challenge and the need for an action if we are attending to achieve the internationality discussed of 80% reduction in CO2 emissions to curb global warming. What is presented in the Bioenergy Roadmap is just one possible scenario of how we can approach this challenge, and the contribution of bioenergy (Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI), 2010). There are few of key findings and conclusions that have been highlight in the planning of developing bioenergy industry in future, such as; I. Bioenergy have a good quality potential in being one of the best indigenously energy resources for the national country that can be use in providing necessity energy to the country until 2050 especially related with the few of sector like transportation, electricity generation and also heat. II. There are more than 3500ktoe of original resources that can be obtained for Bioenergy supply chain by 2050. III. Bioenergy is highly suitable for the inclusion of the national distribution energy network. IV. Bioenergy industry has a most excellent role in perpetuating rural area development and improvement of employment. V.  There will be more than 11 Mt of CO2 that can be reduced or abated every year. VI. Existing resources can be enhance rapidly through the policies and actions across energy, waste, forestry, agriculture and RDD. VII. Allocation of bioenergy can be maximized by giving full support and investing in research and innovation in developing the various of bioenergy technologies and processes. VIII. A complete established energy infrastructure will be minimized a cost of competitive bioenergy sector distribution and allocation. IX. Bioenergy industry will be supported in developing best practicing of management for energy purposes. X. Develop the existing systems of bioenergy that can maximize the utilization of available bio-mass. (Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI), 2010) By referring to the key findings stated in the SEAI Bioenergy Roadmap 2010 – 2050, the aims and missions in making the Bioenergy industry as one of the best potential alternatives that can support the existing non-renewable energy resources can be fully achieve if we can see the high potential of Bioenergy in the future and give full cooperation and support to realize it in the upcoming few years. So, let give full effort and show our support in making the Bioenergy industry as one of the best alternative way to accommodate the existing resources that from day to day it keep decreasing. Best strategies should BE come out and take over this problems, so that it can be realize in future for our own community purposes.